SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Adaptation des enzymes digestives à l'alimentation chez la crevette Penaeus vannamei (Crustacea Decapoda)

Ma, Hongming; Cahu, Chantal; Zambonino, Jose-luis; Yu, Hairui; Duan, Qingyuan; Le Gall, Marie-madeleine; Mai, Kangsen.

Large yellow croaker is an important marine fish species for aquaculture in China. Larval rearing of this species is still based on live prey feeding. The aim of this study was to describe the onset and development of the main digestive enzymes during larval development of this species, in order to obtain essential data for the formulation of a compound diet adapted to larvae. Enzymatic assays were conducted from day I post hatching to day 40 in larvae fed the following live prey sequence: rotifers, Artemia nauplii, copepods, and then frozen copepods. Assays were done on whole larvae until day 19, then on dissected larvae and on purified brush border membranes of intestine. Pancreatic enzymes, amylase, and trypsin, showed high activities from early stages,...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Trypsin; Pseudosciaena crocea; Fish larval development; Amylase; Aminopeptidase N; Alkaline phosphatase.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/publication-444.pdf

Adaptation of digestive enzymes to dietary protein, carbohydrate and fibre levels and influence of protein and carbohydrate quality in Penaeus vannamei larvae (Crustacea, Decapoda)

Le Moullac, Gilles.

L'adaptation des enzymes digestives chez la crevette P. vannamei a été étudiée en fonction des cycles biologiques en relation avec les constituants de l'alimentation principalement les glucides (amidon) et les protéines. La trypsins, la chymotrypsine et 1'amylase, 3 enzymes majeures, chez P. vannamei ont été purifiées et caractérisées. La trypsine est formée de 3 isoenzymes dont le poids moléculaire apparent est compris entre 31 et 3 2 kDa. La nature glycosylée de la trypsine est révélée. La chymotrypsine est formée de 2 isoenzymes de poids moléculaire similaire (24 kDa). L'amylase purifiée est constituée de 2 isoenzymes dont le poids moléculaire apparent est de 31 kDa. Les propriétés biochimiques sont étudiées. L'étude immunologique a permis de mesurer...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Penaeus vannamei; Hécatopancréas; Biochimie; Immunologie; Enzymes digestives; Trypsine; Chymotrypsine; Amylase; Larves; Adultes; Intermue; Protéines alimentaires; Amidon; Nutrition; Adaptation.

Ano: 1995

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00029/14012/11198.pdf

Le Moullac, Gilles; Van Wormhoudt, A; Aquacop, Aquacop.

Activity of digestive enzymes (trypsin, chymotrypsin and amylase) was studied in relation with food in Penaeus vannamei larvae first stages. Microparticles containing casein involved the decrease of soluble protein content and enzyme activities. Specific trypsin activity but not chymotrypsin was correlated (p<1%) to casein level between 10 and 60% in microparticles. Cellulose fibres in food seemed to have little effect on digestive enzymes. Starch, between 1 and 20% in microparticles, had no influence on specific amylase activity. The effect of different feeding conditions were also tested on growth. No clear relationship between growth and enzyme is established since only trypsin is concerned in the case of a casein dose effect in the food. The protein...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Amylase; Chymotrypsin; Trypsin; Digestive enzymes; Food; Larvae; Penaeus vannamei; Amylase; Chymotrypsine; Trypsine; Enzymes digestives; Alimentation; Larve; Penaeus vannamei.

Ano: 1994

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1994/publication-4431.pdf

Amylase production by endophytic fungi Cylindrocephalum sp. isolated from medicinal plant Alpinia calcarata (Haw.) Roscoe

BJM

Sunitha.,V. H.; Ramesha.,A.; Savitha.,J.; Srinivas.,C.

Amylases are among the most important enzymes used in modern biotechnology particularly in the process involving starch hydrolysis. Fungal amylase has large applications in food and pharmaceutical industries. Considering these facts, endophytic fungi isolated from the plant Alpinia calcarata (Haw.) Roscoe were screened for amylolytic activity on glucose yeast extract peptone agar (GYP) medium. Among thirty isolates of endophytic fungi, isolate number seven identified as Cylindrocephalum sp. (Ac-7) showed highest amylolytic activity and was taken for further study. Influence of various physical and chemical factors such as pH, temperature, carbon and nitrogen sources on amylase production in liquid media were studied. The maximal amylase production was...

Amylase production by solid-state fermentation of agro-industrial wastes using Bacillus sp.

Palavras-chave: Alpinia calcarata Roscoe; Endophytic fungi; Cylindrocephalum sp.; Amylase.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822012000300049

BJM

Saxena,Rajshree; Singh,Rajni.

Solid state fermentation was carried out using various agro- industrial wastes with the best amylase producing strain isolated from soil. Different physicochemical conditions were varied for maximum enzyme production. The strain produced about 5400 units/g of amylase at 1:3 moisture content, 20% inoculum, after 72 h of incubation with Mustard Oil seed cake as the substrate. The optimum temperature and pH of the enzyme activity were found to be 50ºC and 6 respectively. The enzyme was found to be thermostable at 70ºC for about 2 h without any salt. It showed stability at pH range 5-7. The metal ions as Na+, Ca++, Mg++ and Co++ enhanced the enzyme activity.

Bioprospection and characterization of the amylolytic activity by filamentous fungi from Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Palavras-chave: Solid State Fermentation; Agro-industrial wastes; Amylase; Enzyme optimization; Stability; Bacillus sp.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822011000400014

Biota Neotropica

Almeida,Paula Zaghetto de; Pereira,Marita Gimenez; Carvalho,Caio Cesar de; Heinen,Paulo Ricardo; Ziotti,Luciana Sobrani; Messias,Josana Maria; Jorge,João Atilio; Polizeli,Maria de Lourdes Teixeira de Moraes.

Abstract Filamentous fungi are widely diverse and ubiquitous organisms. Such biodiversity is barely known, making room for a great potential still to be discovered, especially in tropical environments - which are favorable to growth and species variety. Filamentous fungi are extensively applied to the production of industrial enzymes, such as the amylases. This class of enzymes acts in the hydrolysis of starch to glucose or maltooligosaccharides. In this work twenty-five filamentous fungi were isolated from samples of decomposing material collected in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. The two best amylase producers were identified as Aspergillus brasiliensis and Rhizopus oryzae. Both are mesophilic, they grow well in organic nitrogen-rich media produce great...

Changes in amylase activity starch and sugars contents in mango fruits pulp cv. Tommy Atkins with spongy tissue

Palavras-chave: Amylase; Filamentous fungi; Aspergillus brasiliensis; Rhizopus oryzae; Glucoamylase; Bioprospection.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032017000300204

Lima,Luiz Carlos de Oliveira; Chitarra,Adimilson Bosco; Chitarra,Maria Isabel F..

Changes in amylase activity, starch and reducing and non-reducing sugars contents were monitored during ripening of mango fruits (Mangifera indica L.). The climateric raising in mango fruit is marked by an appreciable increase in the activity of amylase, reducing and non-reducing sugars contents and decrease in the starch content. The fruit affected with spongy tissue exhibited much lower amylase activity and reducing and non-reducing sugars, but exhibited much higher starch content during storage at 12 ± 2° C and 90 ± 5% RH for 28 days, when compared to healthy tissue of Tommy Atkins. Whether this is caused due to adverse effects on certain enzyme activities during ripening is not clearly known. These dates showed that carbohydrate metabolism is an...

Citral as food additive for common snook - zootechnical parameters and digestive enzymes

Palavras-chave: Starch; Amylase; Reducing sugars; Non-reducing sugars.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132001000100008

Ciência Rural

Michelotti,Bruna Tomazetti; Mori,Natacha Cossettin; Magnotti,Caio Cesar Franca; Heinzmann,Berta Maria; Almeida,Ana Paula Gottlieb; Cerqueira,Vinicius Ronzani; Baldisserotto,Bernardo.

ABSTRACT: Essential oils of plants whose main compound is citral showed beneficial effects when added to fish feed. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the dietary effect of the addition of citral on zootechnical parameters and digestive enzyme activities of Centropomus undecimalis. Juveniles were fed for 45 days with diets containing different amounts of citral (0.0 - control, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mL per kg of diet). The water quality parameters were kept stable during the experiment and no mortality was observed. At the end of the experimental period, the treatment 0.5 mL citral per kg of diet had the lowest weight gain and specific growth rate, and the highest feed conversion, while the same parameters did not differ between the other...

Comparative study on production of α-Amylase from Bacillus licheniformis strains

Palavras-chave: Centropomus undecimalis; Amylase; Pepsin; Lipase; Growth; Marine fish farming.

Ano: 2020

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782020000400651

BJM

Divakaran,Dibu; Chandran,Aswathi; Pratap Chandran,R.

Alpha amylase (α-1, 4-glucan-glucanhydrolase, EC 3.2.1.1), an extracellular enzyme, degrades α, 1-4 glucosidic linkages of starch and related substrates in an endo-fashion producing oligosaccharides including maltose, glucose and alpha limit dextrin (7). The present study deals with the production and comparative study of production of α-amylase from two strains of Bacillus licheniformis, MTCC 2617 and 2618, by using four different substrates, starch, rice, wheat and ragi powder as carbon source by submerged fermentation. The effect of varying pH and incubation temperature, activator, inhibitor, and substrate concentration was investigated on the activity of α-amylase produced by MTCC strain 2618. The results shows that the production of the α-amylase by...

Corn and soybean meal metabolizable energy with the addition of exogenous enzymes for poultry

Palavras-chave: Amylase; Bacillus licheniformis; Enzyme; Extracellular; Glucose.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822011000400022

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Avic.

Dourado,LRB; Sakomura,NK; Barbosa,NAA; Bonato,MA; Kawuauchi,IM; Fernandes,JBK; Costa,FGP.

Two metabolism assays were carried out to determine corn and soybean meal metabolizable energy when enzymes were added. In the first trial, 35 cockerels per studied feedstuff (corn and soybean meal) were distributed in a completely randomized experimental design with four treatments of seven replicates of one bird each. The evaluated treatments were: ingredient (corn and soybean meal) with no enzyme addition, with the addition of an enzyme complex (xylanase, amylase, protease - XAP), xylanase, or phytase. Precise feeding method was used to determine true metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen balance (TMEn). The use of enzymes did not result in any differences (p>0.05) in soybean meal TMEn, but phytase improved corn TMEn in 2.3% (p=0.004). In the...

Culture medium for amylase production by toxigenic fungi

Palavras-chave: Amylase; Forced feeding; Phytase; Protease; Xylanase.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2009000100008

Figueira,Edson Luiz Zangrando; Hirooka,Elisa Yoko.

Mycelial growth and amylase production by a mycotoxigenic strain of Fusarium moniliforme and Aspergillus flavus were evaluated in a culture medium containing starch, glycerol, wheat bran or corn. With emphasis on corn, different fractions composed by germ, degermed seed, starch, milky stage corn and the respective starch or supernatant fraction were analyzed for F. moniliforme growth . The medium composed of milky stage corn supernatant promoted the best mycelial growth (p<0.05), and it was used to prepare amylase production medium in the next step. The medium composed with 2% ground corn in milky stage corn supernatant (350g of milky stage corn blended with 250mL water and centrifuged) promoted the highest amylase production, which was at the 10th day...

Different feeding habits influence the activity of digestive enzymes in freshwater fish

Palavras-chave: Amylase; Fusarium moniliforme; Aspergillus flavus.

Ano: 2000

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132000000500003

Ciência Rural

Gioda,Carolina Rosa; Pretto,Alexandra; Freitas,Carine de Souza; Leitemperger,Jossiele; Loro,Vania Lucia; Lazzari,Rafael; Lissner,Leandro Ademar; Baldisserotto,Bernardo; Salbego,Joseânia.

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to verify the activity of some digestive enzymes in four fish species with different feeding habits. Knowledge of these enzymatic activities can help us to understand the species' digestive processes. The species chosen for this study were Ctenopharyngodon idella (herbivore), Rhamdia quelen (omnivore), Leporinus obtusidens (omnivore) and Hoplias malabaricus (carnivore). The digestive tract of these species was divided into four portions to estimate enzymatic activity: stomach, anterior, mid and posterior intestine. Ctenopharyngodon idella had the highest amylase and maltase activities in all portions of the gut, followed by L. obtusidens . The highest trypsin activity was observed in all gut portions of H. malabaricus,...

Endophytic fungi found in association with Bacopa monnieri as potential producers of industrial enzymes and antimicrobial bioactive compounds

Palavras-chave: Freshwater fishes; Feeding habits; Enzymatic activity; Amylase; Alkaline protease; Maltase; Trypsin.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782017000300406

Katoch,Meenu; Salgotra,Aseem; Singh,Gurpreet.

This study aimed to screen the endophytic fungal species of ethano-medicinal plant Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell for their ability to produce antimicrobial substances against Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. Endophytes were also screened for their ability to produce amylase, cellulase, protease and lipase to evaluate their ecological role within the host plant. Twenty-six endophytes were isolated and seventeen were identified. All the isolated endophytes exhibited amylolytic activity. Lipolytic, cellulolytic, proteolytic activity was shown by 98, 28 and 31% isolates, respectively. Similarly, all the endophytes (100%) exhibited significant...

Enzymatic programs for broilers

Palavras-chave: Bacopa monnieri; Antimicrobial; ITS 5.8S rDNA; Lipase; Amylase; Endophyte.

Ano: 2014

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132014000500714

Sorbara,José Otávio Berti; Murakami,Alice Eiko; Nakage,Eliane Saiuri; Piracés,Francisco; Potença,Alexandra; Guerra,Rafael Lachinski Holanda.

Two trials were conducted on floor pens to evaluate the performance of broilers fed with diets contained different carbohydrases enzyme programs at different ages. Trial 1- The body weight gain (BWG) was affected by the Negative Control (NC) treatment (P<0.05). However, when the birds were fed with the NC diet + Amilase (AMY)+Xilanase (XYL), the BWG improved and reached the same level as the Positive Control (PC). Trial 2- The birds received enzymes supplementation in the total phase and others only in the grower phase.The ME reduction by 120 kcal/kg increased the feed conversion ratio (FCR) (P<0.05) when compared to PC and none of the enzyme programs was able to recover the performance. It can be concluded that it is possible to supplement with AMY...

Ethnopharmacological activity of Hedera nepalensis K. Koch extracts and lupeol against alloxan-induced type I diabetes

Palavras-chave: Broilers; Carbohydrase; Enzymes; Amylase; Xylanase.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132009000700030

BJPS

Hashmi,Waleed Javed; Ismail,Hammad; Jafri,Laila; Mirza,Bushra.

In this study, we investigated the protective effects of Hedera nepalensis crude extract, its fractions and lupeol in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Lupeol and n-hexane (HNN) fraction significantly reduced the blood glucose level by increasing insulin level in time dependent manner, and also significantly increased amylase and lipase activity in diabetic rats. Elevated levels of alanine transaminases (ALT), aspartate transaminases (AST), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), nitrite, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), total bilirubin and total protein in blood serum were efficiently restored to normal levels. Suppressed enzymatic activity of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH) and peroxidase (POD) were also restored to...

Etude des effets de la sélection sur les gènes de l'amylase chez une population d'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas en fonction des conditions trophiques précoces

Palavras-chave: Antioxidant; Amylase; Diabetes mellitus; Insulin; Hedera nepalensis; Lupeol.

Ano: 2020

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502020000100597

Etude du polymorphisme des gènes de l'amylase chez Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg, 1793). Relation avec les paramètres physiologiques de l'assimilation

Sauvage, Christopher.

In natural population of the Pacific cupped oyster, there are differences between allelic and genotypic frequencies for the A and B amylase genes. Set up a synthetical population of C. gigas, in which whole alleles and genotypes are better represented than in wild population, was done. An investigation links between trophic conditions applied during larvae developpment (in nursery), allelic frequencies for both amylase genes, oyster's individual waight and by the selectivity of summer mortalities during their exposition on the estran has been done. As a result, following facts have been observed : - On one side, an influence of the trophic condition applied during the larvae development on genotypic frequencies of the gene B of the amylase - On the other...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Amylase; Polymorphisme; Condition trophique; Crassostre gigas; Amylase; Polymorphim; Trophic condition.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00371/48185/48300.pdf

Evaluation of the supplementation of a feed additive as a potential protector against the adverse effects of 2.5 ppm T-2 toxin on growing broiler chickens

Degremont, Lionel.

L'analyse du polymorphisme des gènes de J'amylase chez Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg, 1793) a été établi sur deux générations dans le cadre du programme européen GENEPHYS (génétique et physiologie chez C.gigas). Après une amplification de l'ADN par PCR à partir de deux couples d'amorces qui sont spécifiques à chacun des deux gènes de l'amylase, une digestion par EcoRI de l'ADN amplifié suivie d'une électrophorése en gel d'agarose sont effectuées. Cette technique (RFLP) permet de déterminer le polymorphisme génétique des huîtres creuses. Une troisième génération a été réalisée afin d'obtenir quatre familles et d'en analyser le génotype. Ces familles ont été tout d'abord placées pendant cinq mois dans un milieu riche en nourriture, puis ensuite, chaque famille...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Amylase; Polymorphisme; Croissance; Efficacité d'assimilation.

Ano: 2000

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00439/55109/56561.pdf

Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.

Diaz,G.J.; Vargas,M.L.; Cortés,A..

ABSTRACT A trial was conducted to evaluate a feed additive containing epoxidase activity from a bacterium (Mycofix-S) as a potential protection against the adverse effects of 2.5 ppm dietary T-2 toxin in male growing broiler chickens. A total of 144 one-day-old Ross 308 male chicks were individually wing-banded and allotted into each of the four experimental groups. Group 1: negative control, no T-2 toxin or additive; group 2: Mycofix-S, 2.5 g/kg; group 3: positive control, 2.5 ppm T-2 toxin; group 4: 2.5 ppm T-2 toxin + 2.5 g/kg Mycofix-S. Feed and water were provided ad libitum for 28 days (days 1 to 28 of age). Each experimental treatment was replicated 6 times, with 6 birds per replicate pen. Response variables included performance parameters, serum...

Exogenous enzymes improve performance and carcass traits of feedlot cattle fed high-grain diet

Palavras-chave: ALP; Amylase; Epoxidase; Mycotoxin decontamination; Trichothecenes.

Ano: 2016

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352016000300709

R. Bras. Zootec.

Neumann,Mikael; Leão,Guilherme Fernando Mattos; Horst,Egon Henrique; Stuani,Osmair Flavio; Sangali,Cleiton Pagliari; Castilho,Ricardo.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplementation of two different enzymatic complexes, fibrolytic (NSPases) or amylolytic (EXP3066) enzymes, on growth performance, digestibility, behavior, and carcass characteristics of feedlot cattle. Thirty-six ½ Angus yearling bulls with an average initial weight of 391±5.0 kg were used in this experiment blocked by weight in a completely randomized design divided in three treatments: control, NSPases, and EXP3066. The basal diet was composed of 85% whole corn grain and 15% nucleus. NSPases increased average daily gain on days 63 and 84, and gain:feed ratio on days 42, 63, and 84. Total carcass weight and carcass daily gain were improved by 4.8% and up to 6.0% with EXP3066 and NSPases...